BTCat is Coming Soon to NHAIS Libraries!

The State Library's contract with Baker & Taylor was approved last week and we have begun working with Baker & Taylor to roll out BTCat, a MARC record source paid for by the NHSL with LSTA funds, for any NHAIS ILL participating library that wishes to use it. Note that you do not need to be purchasing materials from Baker & Taylor to use these cataloging tools.

There are a lot of options and tools available to NH libraries under our contract, so rolling everything out will take a little time. Here is the plan we anticipate following:

Next Week -- NHAIS libraries will be able to set up BTCat as a Z39.50 target in their local system as a source of cataloging records. The configuration details you need to do this will be published on our website (and announced here) once our final configuration testing is complete and you will be able to start downloading records from this source into your local ILS.

We have stopped adding new records to the NHU-PAC database, other than for those libraries that maintain their holdings for the NHAIS ILL System through the union catalog, so records for new materials will be found in BTCat rather than NHU-PAC. The form to request records that you cannot locate is still in place and should continue to be used to let us know what MARC records you need that you are not finding. We are looking at how best to clear the backlog of records that were submitted through the form and will be in touch directly with the libraries that requested records. 

September 2025 -- NHSL staff will be working with Baker & Taylor to learn the new system, set up user accounts, and get resources ready to help NH libraries use BTCat in the ways that will best support their individual cataloging workflows.

October 2025 -- A series of virtual meetings will be held to demonstrate what is available to NH libraries through this new contract. The next step will be to begin surveying NHAIS ILL participating libraries to see what options they want to have configured for themselves and begin scheduling training sessions for library staff to learn the nuts-and-bolts of using BTCat in their chosen configuration. 

More database downsizing

At the close of day on Friday, January 19, the count of bibliographic records in the NHU-PAC stood at 1,639,387.  That's the "smallest" the NHU-PAC has been since December 2005 and follows another round of deleting records that have been in the catalog at least 5 years and have no holdings.

This latest round of deletions was done in conjunction with the removal of holdings from several libraries.  Plymouth State University, which hasn't added or removed NHU-PAC holdings in a dozen years, asked to have all its holdings removed.  Those wishing to borrow from PSU should consult the NHAIS Services page on borrowing from New Hampshire colleges and universities.  We also removed the holdings of libraries that have closed with Chester College of New England and the Public Health Services Library (NH Dept. of Health and Human Services) being the biggest presences in the NHU-PAC among these.

Since last April, more than 700,000 "orphaned" bibliographic records have been removed from the NHU-PAC.  A leaner and cleaner catalog will help our anticipated migration to a new automation system.

Among the more than 100,000 titles removed in this round of downsizing: A Book of FORTRAN Programs for the IBM 1130 Computer (1971), Opportunities in Life Insurance Sales (1974), and a slew of individual episodes of the original Star Trek TV series on videocassette.

In case you're adding any of the above to your collection, we can add the records back to the NHU-PAC.  If you're in need of a bibliographic record for these or any other titles not found in the NHU-PAC, use the online form to submit your request--but only after you've checked to make sure the record you need isn't already in the NHU-PAC; if it's there you can use a Z39.50 connection to download it.

More old records without holdings removed from NHU-PAC

During the summer, UNH/Durham holdings were removed from the NHU-PAC at Dimond Library's request and the task of deleting "orphaned" bibliographic records began--removing all records that had been in the NHU-PAC at least 5 years and had no holdings attached.  This latest round of database downsizing has now been completed with 329,466 records deleted since July.

This morning's count of 1,735,294 bibliographic records in the NHU-PAC is down nearly 600,000 records from the database's peak at 2,327,404 in April, before the first round of culling older records without holdings was started.

With this latest round of deletions, we say goodbye to titles including Biebermania!, An Archaeological Survey of Wheeler Basin on the Tennessee River in Northern Alabama, and The Da Vinci Cod: A Fishy Parody (not to be confused with The Da Vinci Cod and Other Illustrations for Unwritten Books, which still has a holding and remains in the NHU-PAC).  Also gone: 5/5/2000: Ice: the Ultimate Disaster, which boldly predicted catastrophe for our planet on the titular date, having something to do with pyramids, polar ice caps, and planetary alignments.

Should you add any of these titles to your catalog, we'll be happy to return them to the NHU-PAC.  If you're in need of a bibliographic record for these or any other titles not found in the NHU-PAC, use the online form to submit your request--but only after you've checked to make sure the record you need isn't already in the NHU-PAC; if it's there you can use a Z39.50 connection to download it.

Villa Augustina School holdings

Although Villa Augustina School in Goffstown closed 3 years ago, there were still 6531 holdings for its library in the NHU-PAC...until yesterday.  Thanks to the folks at Goffstown Public Library for bringing this to our attention.  All Villa Augustina holdings have now been removed from the database.

As previously noted, holdings for UNH Durham were removed from the NHU-PAC over the summer at the library's request.  That created a lot of newly "orphaned" bibliographic records--ones without any holdings.  Work continues to remove these records from the NHU-PAC.  We're more than a third of the way through them now.

Further database downsizing

Earlier this year more than 300,000 bibliographic records were removed from the NHU-PAC in a weeding of records that were in the database at least 5 years and had no library holdings.  Another reduction of similar size will take place over the summer as holdings from UNH Durham are removed.  This is being done at the request of the folks at UNH, who set up a mechanism for New Hampshire libraries to request materials directly from their catalog years ago but continue to be bothered by e-mail requests from libraries who found something in the NHU-PAC held by UNH.  (See our college ILL page for information about how to set up an account with UNH and other colleges and universities in New Hampshire.)

The UNH Durham holdings in the NHU-PAC haven't been maintained for a dozen years.  No holdings have been added or removed for UNH since 2005 so what's in the NHU-PAC is far from an accurate representation of what the library has.  It's also been many years since UNH Durham participated in the NHAIS ILL program--that's why you've never seen a check box next to the location when selecting a lender string.

There are 541,728 UNH Durham holdings currently in the NHU-PAC.  More than 300,000 of them are unique, leaving many "orphaned" bibliographic records once the holdings are removed.  The holdings and any records without holdings (provided they've been in the NHU-PAC at least 5 years) will be removed from the database this summer.

As with the weeding done earlier this year, this change should help streamline search results and make the NHU-PAC easier to maintain.  Having a smaller database should also save time and money when the NHU-PAC is moved to a new system.

Titles from academic libraries make up a small portion of the ILL materials carried by the State Library vans--about 3 percent during last fall's survey.  Still, we're grateful New Hampshire's institutions of higher learning are willing to make their materials available to other New Hampshire libraries through ILL.  If you have patrons doing scholarly research or just can't find what you're looking for in the NHU-PAC, check OCLC's WorldCat database.  You'll find holdings of UNH Durham and other Granite State colleges and universities listed there; you can then consult our college ILL page to see how to request materials from a particular site.

Database downsizing done

The first-ever large-scale weeding of the NHU-PAC was completed yesterday afternoon.  In the past month more than 300,000 records were removed from the database--records that had been in the database at least 5 years and had no holdings attached.

The last record to be deleted as part of this project was one that was added exactly 5 years ago--May 31, 2012, at 2:06 p.m.--an audio version of Take Me to the River by Will Hobbs:

You'll still find records without holdings in the NHU-PAC but they now make up only 0.6% of the database rather than the 13.6% they did a month ago.  It's common for new records to go into the NHU-PAC without holdings, giving catalogers an opportunity to obtain records as soon as new titles are published.

You may still see a record for something published more than 5 years ago that doesn't have any holdings if that record was added since June 1, 2012.  The weeding was done by date added to the NHU-PAC rather than publication date.  If those records continue to remain without holdings, they'll eventually be removed from the database as the plan is to do similar weeding on a yearly basis now.

Slimming down the database

In 2002, when the NHU-PAC last changed systems (Galaxy to Horizon), there were approximately 1.2 million bibliographic records in the database.  Today there are nearly twice as many: 2.35 million bibliographic records.  7.14 million holdings are attached to those bibliographic records--but not to all of them.  There are more than 320,000 bibliographic records in the NHU-PAC that have no holdings attached.

These "orphaned" records include dozens of manuals on how to use WordStar (a popular word processing program in the 1980s), operas on audiocassettes and LP's, feature films on VHS and Beta videocassettes, and oodles of books for which there is no longer enough demand--or enough shelf space--to remain in the collections of New Hampshire libraries.

For as long as I've been here (19 years) the policy has been to retain bibliographic records in the NHU-PAC even when no libraries hold the titles represented anymore.  The thinking was that a library doing cataloging might need one of those records someday--perhaps because an older book was donated to the collection or because a library was working on retrospective conversion ("recon") of its catalog.  We'd already paid for the records and added them to the NHU-PAC so why not leave them there just in case?

Interlibrary loan librarians can answer that: because those records without holdings clutter up search results and give false hope that certain titles can be found within New Hampshire.  There are other arguments in favor of deleting the orphaned records.  I get a daily report from OCLC about updated records and I've noticed in recent months that I'm spending quite a bit of time improving older records that no longer have any NHU-PAC holdings.  And, if things go as expected, in the next two years we'll be migrating the NHU-PAC to a new system.  Having a smaller database should save money and effort when that transition happens.

All of which leads to this: in the next few months NHAIS Services will be removing from the NHU-PAC those bibliographic records that have been in the database at least 5 years and have no holdings.  The plan is to do this procedure annually.

But what if your library wants to add Mastering WordStar on the IBM PC to its collection after we've removed the record from the NHU-PAC?  Just send NHAIS Services the information as you normally would--either in a file of MARC records sent as an e-mail attachment or via the online NHU-PAC MARC Record Request Form--and we'll add the record, with your holding, back to the NHU-PAC.

264 Tag

As David explained in an October post about RDA records, the 264 tag is being used (in some records) for publishing information instead of the 260 tag. As of this morning, when the new index was loaded, the 264 tag information (for both publisher name and place of publication) is included in keyword searches for "publication info includes." Additionally this information now displays in search results.

This nhu-pac search will show you an example of this tag in use:
Title: sneaky pie
AND Publisher: Thorndike

New RDA field

It’s been transparent to many users but bibliographic records cataloged under the new RDA rules have been making their way into the NHU-PAC since 2010. At first it was just a trickle; more recently we’re seeing a dozen or more RDA records added to the database each week. That’s still a small percentage of the 1200 or so records added to the NHU-PAC in a typical week. Now we’re starting to see some RDA records with publication information in a new field which our system isn’t configured to display. Here’s an example:

What’s missing from the display is “Waterville, Maine : Thorndike Press, 2012,” which should appear above the ISBNs. In this and a handful (so far) of other RDA records, the publication information is entered in field 264 rather than field 260.  The Library of Congress MARC Standards site tells us “Information in field 264 is similar to information in field 260 (Publication, Distribution, etc. (Imprint)). Field 264 is useful for cases where the content standard or institutional policies make a distinction between functions.”

In addition to the display issue is the consideration that field 264 is not currently indexed for “Publication info includes” keyword searches.  As we expect the future to bring more records with publication information in this new field, NHAIS Services expects to modify the NHU-PAC for correct display and searchability of this field by the end of the year.

ISBN Searching - Take 2

Last week I made some changes to how the ISBN searches in NHU-PAC work. This solved a problem for some people, the inability to find records with 10-digit ISBNs by scanning 13-digit barcodes, but created a different problem for other people.

The new ISBN index that was installed last week is an exact search index and it cannot be combined with any other search element. For example, you cannot search for a title and an ISBN combined using an exact ISBN index. Realistically, most of the time you wouldn't want to do that anyway. The point of using a numeric search is that it is specific and saves typing a bunch of stuff. However, it was brought to my attention that libraries who are working on deleting holdings for weeded items often limit their searches to their own location to narrow their searches to the records they actually hold. This is a good approach, except that with the ISBN index changes made last week it doesn't work.

After some discussion here in NHAIS Services we settled on a compromise between these issues:

• The "ISBN =" search on the "Welcome to NHU-PAC" tab is the new one that will bring back records for a 10 or 13 digit ISBN search, regardless of which ISBN is actually present in the record. Limits are not available on this screen anyway.  
• The "ISBN is" searches on the "Advanced Searching" tab (included on the "Boolean" and "Monographs" subtabs) have been switched back to the indexes that allow limits to be applied.

If you are searching by a 13 digit ISBN, using a barcode scanner or not, on the "Advanced Searching" tab and you don't find a match, you should do another search (title, author, lccn, etc.) to make sure there isn't a matching record that only contains a 10-digit ISBN.  This primarily affects records from before 2007, but a second search for a non-match is never a bad idea.

ISBN Searching

In 2007 the folks who govern such things decided that all International Standard Book Numbers (ISBNs) would be 13 digits. This had implications for everyone who deals with books and some aspects of the transition were smoother than others.

One of the issues this raised for NHAIS libraries was that lots of books that had only 10 digit ISBNs assigned to them (published before the full transition to ISBN13) had barcodes on them with the 13-digit number encoded. This meant that if you scanned the barcode on the back of the book in order to search NHU-PAC for it you would not find the matching bib record.

As of this morning that problem has been resolved in NHU-PAC. The "ISBN is" search option, on both the Welcome and Advanced Searching/Boolean tabs, can now retrieve matching records from NHU-PAC for ISBN13 searches, even when the actual bib record contains only the assigned 10-digit ISBN.

This change has no effect on either Z39.50 connections to NHU-PAC or to the ILL system's ISBN search capabilities.

This change should be especially helpful to catalogers doing retrospective conversions. Additionally, if you are fond of excess typing and include the hyphens in your ISBN searches the records will now be found. (But why type extra hyphens?)

NHU-PAC Unavailable Next Wednesday through Friday

The connection testing and equipment shifting/installing is all complete and the switch over from the old NHU-PAC server to the new one is scheduled to happen starting next Wednesday.
As we announced back in November:


NHU-PAC, for all searching and cataloging, will be unavailable from 8am on Wednesday, December 14, 2011 until AT LEAST the end of the day (4:30pm) on Thursday, December 15, 2011, and PROBABLY the end of the day on Friday, December 16, 2011.

You will not be able to start new interlibrary loan transactions during this period of time, because searching will be unavailable in the ILL system as well as the rest of the NHU-PAC. According to SirsiDynix (but untested until we actually disconnect the old server) you should be able to access your existing ILL transactions in the system to fill, or return, or set to not available requests that are begun before 8am on Wednesday 12/14/2011. As NHU-PAC will be down your usual path to the ILL system won't be available, but there is a direct link to the NHAIS ILL system on the NHAIS Services ILL Resources web page.

Updates on progress will be posted, as usual, on the NHAIS Notes Blog. If everything goes smoothly and we are able to bring the system back up sooner than expected, we will announce the revised plan on the blog and get things back online sooner. If you always access the blog from the 'system messages' link on NHU-PAC, take a moment to bookmark (or favorite, or whatever) the direct link to the NHAIS Notes Blog (http://nhais.blogspot.com/) as you won't have access to your usual path during the server switch. If you haven't already done so, you may also want to sign up to have the messages sent to your RSS reader or to your email. The links to do this are on the right hand panel of the NHAIS Notes Blog.

Until we announce that everything is back DON'T go online and modify holdings or start ILL transactions. Once things are installed we will test them, and it is possible that you might see what looks like the NHU-PAC available for use but is actually a temporary test environment and any work you do there will be lost. We won't forget to let you know when everything is ready. Similarly, trying to get a bunch of stuff in right before 8am on the day we shut the server down may lead to lost work.

ILL Policies Resource

There was quite a bit of discussion on nhais-l and nhais-ill last week about lending policies and other related ILL topics. One thread of this discussion reminded me that NHAIS Services had been working on a way to make ILL policies easily available to all NHAIS ILL participants. This was the case in the old Galaxy system, but has not been part of the current NHU-PAC.

I spoke with a couple of people who were involved in the listserv discussions about this and have come up with a way to post each NHAIS library's ILL policy in a single place--The ILL Policy Directory--so that anyone who wants to see all the ILL policies can do so. If you have your ILL policy (for lending to other libraries, not just for patron use of ILL) on your library web site then all you need to do to add your policy to the directory is email the URL for the specific page where your policy is to nhu-pac@dcr.nh.gov and we will link your directory listing to your policy page.

If you don't have your policy on your website, please consider adding it so that it can be linked into the ILL Policy Directory. If you don't have an ILL policy, check out Developing Your ILL Policy which will walk you through creating one.


We are working on putting a link to the ILL Policy Directory into the yellow sidebar in the NHAIS ILL system. Hopefully this will be in place within a week or so.


This tool is only going to be as useful as the NHAIS ILL libraries make it, however, as it depends on each library to post their own ILL policy and send the link to us to share. We will reassess this tool after about 3 months (in April 2012) and see if enough libraries have contributed links to make it worthwhile to maintain.

If you have questions or concerns about this project, please contact the NHAIS Help Desk at 271-2141.

Another System Outage on Tuesday

Once again we are going to need to take the NHU-PAC offline so that we can move equipment around in preparation for the new server. We got everything moved last week into what we thought would be a workable arrangement only to discover when the server came out of its boxes and racking began that the rails for the new server were too long for the rack we planned to put it in. (Yes, I now know to check this ahead of time. By the time this server install is done I will have learned a lot of stuff that can go wrong and needs to be checked on.)

The last Tuesday of the month is our regularly scheduled day to restart the servers so we will do the work Tuesday morning. It will be later than the usual restart, however as numerous people, including some in Utah, need to be involved.

The NHU-PAC will be shut down on Tuesday, November 29, 2011 at around 9:30am and will be down for as long as it takes to get the various machines swapped out. I would expect an hour or two, but we won't know for sure until we get there.

Sorry for the inconvenience. As always, check this blog for updated info.

Server Replacement Schedule

There is a new schedule for the installation of the new NHU-PAC server--this is the main server where all the NHU-PAC data resides--which will require the system to be shut down almost entirely for 3 days the week of December 12th.

Everything is in place, with the exception of some electrical work that is supposed to be finished by next week but which hasn't been confirmed. Once again, I would pencil the following into your calendars:

NHU-PAC, for all searching and cataloging, will be unavailable from 8am on Wednesday, December 14, 2011 until AT LEAST the end of the day (4:30pm) on Thursday, December 15, 2011, and PROBABLY the end of the day on Friday, December 16, 2011.

You will not be able to start new interlibrary loan transactions during this period of time, because searching will be unavailable in the ILL system as well as the rest of the NHU-PAC. According to SirsiDynix (but untested until we actually disconnect the old server) you should be able to access your existing ILL transactions in the system to fill, or return, or set to not available requests that are begun before 8am on Wednesday 12/14/2011. As NHU-PAC will be down your usual path to the ILL system won't be available, but there is a direct link to the NHAIS ILL system on the NHAIS Services ILL Resources web page.

Updates on progress will be posted, as usual, on the NHAIS Notes Blog. If everything goes smoothly and we are able to bring the system back up sooner than expected, we will announce the revised plan on the blog and get things back online sooner. If you always access the blog from the 'system messages' link on NHU-PAC, take a moment to bookmark (or favorite, or whatever) the direct link to the NHAIS Notes Blog (http://nhais.blogspot.com/) as you won't have access to your usual path during the server switch.

Until we announce that everything is back DON'T go online and modify holdings or start ILL transactions. Once things are installed we will test them, and it is possible that you might see what looks like the NHU-PAC available for use but is actually a temporary test environment and any work you do there will be lost. We won't forget to let you know when everything is ready. Similarly, trying to get a bunch of stuff in right before 8am on the day we shut the server down may lead to lost work.

Short system outage this Friday

This Friday, November 18, 2011 the NHU-PAC will be unavailable for a few hours (at most) so we can do some preliminary work to get things in place for our often-rescheduled new NHAIS server install. The exact time of the outage is still up in the air (we are coordinating schedules with various people to make it as short a time as possible), but will be announced here tomorrow.

The switch over to the new server is now expected to happen the week of December 12, 2011. The exact days when everything will be taken down and brought back up should be nailed down by the end of this week and an announcement will be made, probably on Monday.

NHU-PAC will be down week of November 7th

We will be installing a new NHU-PAC server in the next couple of weeks--this is the main server where all the NHU-PAC data resides--which will require the system to be shut down almost entirely for 3 days the week of November 7th.

Every time I have been ready to write this post and let NHAIS libraries know what to expect there has been a change to the plan (NHSL, SirsiDynix, and NH Department of Information Technology staff are all involved, so there are a lot of moving parts to coordinate). What has to happen, and how long it will take is fairly solid, when it will happen has been a constantly moving target. Consequently, I would pencil the following into your calendars:

• NHU-PAC, for all searching and cataloging, will be unavailable from 4:30pm on Monday, November 7, 2011 until the end of the day (4:30pm) on Thursday, November 10, 2011.
• You will not be able to start new interlibrary loan transactions during this period of time, because searching will be unavailable in the ILL system as well as the rest of the NHU-PAC. According to SirsiDynix (but untested until we actually disconnect the old server) you will be able to access your existing ILL transactions in the system to fill, or return, or set to not available requests that are begun before 4:30 on Monday 11/7/2011. As NHU-PAC will be down your usual path to the ILL system won't be available, but there is a direct link to the NHAIS ILL system on the NHAIS Services ILL Resources web page.
• Updates on progress will be posted, as usual, on the NHAIS Blog. If everything goes smoothly and we are able to bring the system back up before the end of the day on Thursday we will announce the revised plan on the blog and get things back online sooner.
• Until we announce that everything is back DON'T go online and modify holdings or start ILL transactions. Once things are installed we will test them, and it is possible that you might see what looks like the NHU-PAC available for use but is actually a temporary test environment and any work you do there will be lost. We won't forget to let you know when everything is ready.

245n now searchable in NHU-PAC

We've made a modest change to title searches in the NHU-PAC which should keep you from getting lost while looking for Lost.

Previously, a search for Lost: the Complete Fifth Season would yield no hits even though the record for this DVD set has been in the NHU-PAC since 2009. You could look by the title Lost (more than 10,000 hits on its own!) in combination with, say, a performer's name but you'd still have several hits to look through.

The problem: MARC subfield 245n, where the season number for DVD sets of TV series and the part number for graphic novels is usually stored, wasn't included in our title search index. Now it is, making it much easier to target Naruto Vol. 48 or Friday Night Lights: the Fifth and Final Season. This change applies to all NHU-PAC title searches, including in the ILL program.

Sample title fields from MARC bibliographic records, with newly searchable data in blue:

245 00 ‡aLost.‡nThe complete fifth season,‡pThe journey back‡h[videorecording] /‡cABC Studios ; Bad Robot.
245 10 ‡aNaruto.‡nVol. 48,‡pThe cheering village /‡cstory and art by Masashi Kishimoto ; [translation, Mari Morimoto].
245 00 ‡aFriday night lights.‡nThe fifth and final season‡h[videorecording] /‡cUniversal City Studios, Inc.

If you have questions about this or any other NHU-PAC searching issues, please contact the NHAIS Help Desk at 271-2141 or nhu-pac@dcr.nh.gov.

NHU-PAC server upgrade update

The purchase of a new main database server for NHU-PAC and the continuation of our support contract with SirsiDynix for NHU-PAC was on today's Governor & Council Agenda (it is item #9). The request was approved. We will be moving forward with the purchase and installation of a new production server as soon as possible. When a specific plan is in place we will let everyone know when things will be shut down for the transition.

There was news making the rounds of the state recently (I think I saw it in minutes from an NHLA meeting or perhaps a coop meeting) that we had gotten a new server. That was a different server than the one that was approved today. In March we replaced the server that the NHU-PAC Holdings Maintenance programs reside on with a newer server that had been used as our pac server in the past (that is the server that the webpages you see when you use the NHU-PAC actually reside on). The one we are now replacing is the main server that hosts the actual NHU-PAC database.

NHU-PAC routine outages changed

Following December’s NHU-PAC server software upgrade, NHAIS Services has changed some of the database maintenance routines. This includes changes to some of the scheduled downtimes for the NHU-PAC. These changes are now reflected on the Known Issues page (there’s a link under NHU-PAC’s HELP! tab), whence comes the following:

Routine outages: The NHU-PAC is restarted every Monday morning as part of a backup procedure. Beginning at 6:00 a.m. each Monday you may not be able to connect to the NHU-PAC or may find search functions not working. Service is usually restored by 6:10 a.m. The NHU-PAC is also restarted on the last Tuesday of each month. This is usually done as early as possible in the morning but may happen during business hours depending on NHAIS staff schedules. We will attempt to post a System Messages alert on the NHAIS Notes blog in advance of the outage, which should last less than 15 minutes. Also, it is occasionally necessary to rebuild NHU-PAC’s searching indexes, leading to a brief (5 minute) searching outage to install the newest indexes. This is usually done before 7:45 a.m. on weekdays. A System Messages alert will be posted on the NHAIS Notes blog just prior to the outage.

Next Tuesday (February 22) is the last Tuesday of the month so expect the NHU-PAC to be offline for a few minutes in the morning. This is in keeping with a survey conducted last year about preferred times for routine outages that need to happen during the day; a plurality favored Tuesdays before 10 a.m.